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Title: An Expert's Guide to Properly Cleaning an AR-15: 8 Essential Steps
In recent years, AR-15 rifles have become increasingly popular among gun enthusiasts and collectors. However, many new owners often lack the knowledge needed to maintain these firearms properly. It's crucial to remember that neglect and improper cleaning can lead to AR-15 malfunctions. This article will guide you through a detailed, eight-step process to keep your AR-15 performing at its best.
1. Disassemble the Gun The first step to cleaning your AR-15 is to ensure it's unloaded and then break it down into its primary components. You'll need to separate the upper and lower receivers, remove the bolt carrier, and disassemble the bolt, which includes removing the firing pin and the cotter pin that holds it in place. You can also remove the trigger mechanism and handguards if necessary. If you're unsure about disassembly, consider purchasing an AR armorer's manual or viewing online instructional videos. Websites like Brownells offer valuable resources.
2. Clean the Chamber Next, spray a cleaning solvent into the chamber and locking lug recesses. Let the solvent sit for a few minutes before scrubbing with a chamber brush. After that, use a scrub brush to clean the locking lug recesses and then flush out the chamber with more solvent. When the chamber and recesses appear clean and shiny, use compressed air or a rag to dry the area.
3. Scrub the Bore The frequency and manner of usage significantly impact the extent of cleaning required for the barrel. If your rifle has been used extensively or for rapid-fire, it may need thorough cleaning. Begin by pushing solvent-soaked patches down the barrel and allowing the solvent to work for 10-15 minutes. Follow up with dry patches and then reapply the solvent before scrubbing with a brass brush. After, send a solvent-soaked patch down the bore to remove loose debris. Finally, apply a gun cleaning solvent-soaked patch to neutralize the copper solvent, followed by a dry patch.
4. Utilize Ultrasonic Cleaning Parts like the firing pin, cam, and bolt carrier can be easily cleaned with a rag, while the bolt itself may require more rigorous cleaning. An ultrasonic cleaner, such as Hornady’s Lock-N-Load Sonic Cleaner, can save you time and effort in this process. Simply remove larger debris with a scraper before placing the parts in the cleaner for an ultrasonic session. Repeat the process as necessary until your parts are spotless.
5. Wipe Down Other Components Use a clean rag to wipe down the insides of the upper and lower receivers, the magazine well, and the gas port. Also clean the recoil spring, buffer assemblies, and the exterior of the barrel. If you've removed the handguards, remember to clean them too. For long-term storage or humid environment usage, apply a light coat of oil to the inside of aluminum handguards and the outside of the barrel to prevent corrosion.
6. Clean the Trigger The trigger mechanism is not typically prone to heavy dirt accumulation, but it can gather debris if overly lubricated or used in a dusty environment. Compressed air can effectively clean the trigger, but don't hesitate to disassemble, clean, and lubricate the trigger if it appears particularly dirty. Ensure you're equipped with the know-how or a manual before attempting this.
7. Maintain Your Magazines Regularly disassemble your magazines and clean the inside of the mag body, the follower, and the spring. These components are critical for the proper functioning of your AR-15 and are often overlooked. Regular maintenance becomes crucial if your magazines have been subjected to harsh conditions.
8. Lubricate Your AR-15 Before reassembling your AR-15, it's vital to apply a generous amount of lubricant. Use products like Break Free, M-Pro 7, or FP-10 by Shooter’s Choice to lubricate the bolt body, including the gas rings, the bolt carrier's wear points, the cam pin, and the charging handle. A couple of drops in the trigger mechanism can be beneficial too, but avoid overdoing it to prevent debris accumulation. After assembly, cycle the action a few times to evenly distribute the oil and perform a function check to ensure correct assembly.
By diligently following these eight steps, you can ensure that your AR-15 remains in prime condition. Regular and proper maintenance is crucial to extending the lifespan of your firearm and ensuring its reliable performance when you need it most.